Spray nozzle



Oct. 12, 1948. E. E. CLAINE 2,451,071

SPRAY NOZZLE Filed Feb. 17, 1945 Fllll Zlwucmtob EAH'L. E- [LINE Patented Oct. 12, 1948 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE- SPRAY NOZZLE Earl E. Cline, Decatur, Ill., assignor to Mueller (20., Decatur, 11]., a corporation of Illinois Application February 17, 1945, Serial No. 578,474 3 Claims. (01.299-121) pressure to give it the necessary velocity to effect spraying of the stream. The Jet or stream may be effectively converted from a solid stream or jet to a fluid film, and ultimately to a finely divided spray, by impingement against an interrupting means or target placed in the line oi discharge of the fluid stream or jet.

It is necessary not only to dispose this interrupter in theline of the stream, but also to position it at the proper distance from the orifice to effectively dim and spray the Jet. Further, it is desirable to so shape the interrupter that conversion from Jet to spray will be surely and properly accomplished. Such spray nozzles or equipment are preferably built as single units both for ease of manufacture and assembly, and more particularly for ready installation as a unit with all of the parts in properly adjusted position for use, so that the need for separate setting up and ad- Justment of independent parts is avoided.

The uses of such spray nozzles are many. Water spraying for condensers; for cooling ponds; fuel spraying where such feed is desirable, and sewage spraying to fllter beds, are instances where spray nozzles are useful. Other uses might be enumerated, but those mentioned serve to lllustrate typical spraying uses.

It is highly desirable that the final spray phase of the fluid be uniform throughout its area of delivery. If this is not accomplished, interrupted delivery occurs. and the flnal spray is uneven and lacks uniformity of distribution. In most uses of spray nozzles, such a condition as this is highly undesirable. For example, in spraying sewage to a fllter bed, even a, slight interruption of the spray at the flnal delivery points in its circumference will result in a dead spot in the filter bed which a will not receive any of the material to be filtered.

However small this dead area may be, its cumulative effect over a period of time and where a plurality of nozzles are used is very considerable.

It is the purpose of the present invention to provide a nozzle of the type referred to which can be readily manufactured and assembled as a single unitary structure, and installed by a single setting-up operation in proper relation to the equipment with which it is used, to function for the purposes intended and surely avoid any uneven spraying resulting in dead spots in the area intended to receive the spray.

In the drawings forming part of this disclosure, one physical embodiment of the invention is shown, and in said drawings:

Figure 1 is a view, partly in section and partly in elevation of a nozzle embodying the invention.

Figure 2 is a view in plan, parts being shown in dotted lines, of the nozzle of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a detail sectional view of the interrupter or target support on substantially the line 3-4 of Figure 3.

Like numbers appearingon the drawing andused inthe specification designate like parts in the different views. A suitable container (not shown) is provided with an apertured boss ill of requisite shape and dimensions which may serve both as a filling and discharging orifice for the container which holds the fluid to be sprayed. It is of such design that it serves as a support for the spray nozzle, being here shown as having an interior screw thread to form a mounting for a complementarily-threaded nozzle base H.

pling might be used or the bas ii having a disconical shape so that this chamber receives a relatively large volume of fluid under pressure as it is forced from the tank or container. From the large chamber l2 in the nozzle ii a jet opening it rises, and the fluid from the chamber I! will be compressed into the jet opening 13 and issued therefrom in a concentrated solid stream or jet. This Jet opening is is preferably formed partially in a projection H on the nozzle H, which projection I4 is exteriorly of wrench or tool-receiving formation, here shown as square} and which serves as a means cooperating with any suitable wrench for inserting and removing the nozzle from the container.

Mounted above the jet opening l3 and centered so as to receive the stream of fluid is a film and spray forming impact member or target I! which maybe 0! any suitable surface configura- Any other suitable pressure-tight cou-' terrupter that the circumferential continuity of the spray be not interrupted. It has been proposed heretofore to provide thin knife-edged standards in spray nozzles of this type, but experiments with those supports have shown that they interrupt the film or spray so as to leave a gap in delivery, which gap, however small, is, as has been pointed out, very undesirable, in that it prevents uniform and even distribution of the fiuid.

In the present construction the standard H9 at substantially its point of juncture with the spray forming member I6 is so fashioned in cross section as to ofler small resistance to the film. It has been found that a streamlined or rain-drop formation in cross section, as shown at l8 in Figure 3 of the drawings, is very satisfactory, but it is important that this cross-section of the standard be contiguous to the surface of the spray forming member it. The results-obtained with this association of the member l5 and the streamlined standard 18 are highly satisfactory. Whfle the theory of the fluid action is not entirely clear, it is believed that the surface tension of the fiuid on the surface of the member i5 overcomes its tendency to separate and divide at the point where it is interrupted by the streamlined portion i8 of the standard 16. It is important that the film-forming member 05 and the reduced streamlined portion 18 on the standard is be in close relation and that an air gap between the surface it and the film-separating portion ie be eliminated. Any break of the film at this point results in scattering or turbulence of the film, and the continuity of the film and its smooth flow around the film-separating portion will be interrupted. It has been found that constructed and assembled as shown and described the film creeping up the face of the member I! and meeting the streamlined portion l9 of the support II will come together as a continuous film at the rear of the ection 18 and in uninterrupted form, as indicated in Figure 3.

A spray nozzle constructed as herein disclosed has been demonstrated satisfactorily as eliminating any final break in the circumferential continuity of the film or spray so that a uniform distribution of the fluid being handled by the nozzle is ensured.

Such changes from the specific structure here shown and described as are within the range of mechanical skill and the scope of the appended claims are to be regarded as within, the purview of this invention.

I claim:

1. A nozzle comprising a base having a fiuid jet orifice, a member having a film-forminz surface positioned to receive the fiuid iet from the orifice and disperse it into film form, and a supporting standard for said member having a reduced film-separating portion coupled directly to and in contact with the film-forming surface of, said member.

v2. A nozzle comprising a base having a fiuid Jet orifice, a member of cone formation positioned to receive on its coned surface a fluid Jet from the orifice and disperse it into film form, and a supporting standard for said member adiustably mounted on said base and having a reduced filmseparating portion, said last-named portion being coupled directly to and in contact with the coned surface of said film-formingmember.

3. A nozzle comprising a base having a fiuid receiving chamber therein and a reduced fiuid Jet orifice leading from said chamber, a member of cone formation positioned to receive on its coned surface a fluid Jet from the orifice and disperse it into film form, and a supporting standard for said coned member adlustably mounted on said base and having a streamlined reduced portion coupled directly to and in contact with v the coned surface of said film-forming member. L

EARL E. CHINE.

REFERENCES CITED.

The following references are of record in the Number Name Date 428,063 Nagle May 13, 1890 433,477. Lapham Aug. 5, 1890 563,220 Cadwell June 30, 1896 581,252 Quayle Apr. 20, 1897 684,428 Petersen et al. 25, 1900 719,849 Oberwalder Feb 3, 1903 868,366 Scott Oct. 15, 1907 1,933,428 Harry Oct. 31, 1933 1,968,348 Placide July 31, 1934 1,993,011 Lindberg Mar. 5, 1935' 2,410,215 Houghton Oct. 29, 1948 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date Great Britain Jan. 2, 1908 47,273. Great Britain Sept. 1, 1934 

